Indonesian Climate Diplomacy: Mangrove Governance And Implementation of the Paris Agreement
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Abstract
The Paris Agreement encourages developing countries like Indonesia to integrate environmental assets into global climate diplomacy strategies. This study aims to analyze how national mangrove governance has transformed into a strategic instrument for Indonesian climate diplomacy in supporting the implementation of the Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) and Paris Agreement commitments. Using a descriptive qualitative method based on literature studies, this study analyzes secondary data through a constructivist theoretical framework, the concept of international environmental regimes, and the concept of climate diplomacy. The findings indicate that mangroves function as an effective pillar of climate diplomacy in attracting green funding and strengthening Indonesia's bargaining position in multilateral forums. However, its effectiveness is hampered by the gap between global diplomatic ambitions and domestic institutional regression resulting from the dissolution of specialized institutions that triggered mandate fragmentation and centralized bureaucracy. The top-down governance pattern also alienates the role of district, village, and community governments, resulting in low program sustainability at the grassroots level. This study concludes that structural reform through a multilevel governance model that includes decentralization of mandates based on legal regulations (UU/Perpres) and direct access to funding mechanisms is an absolute requirement to ensure the credibility of climate reporting and the integrity of equitable Indonesian climate diplomacy.
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